签名者（Signer）

signer is a built-in Move resource type. A signer is a capability that allows the holder to act on behalf of a particular address. You can think of the native implementation as being:

签名者（signer）是 Move 内置的资源类型。签名者（signer）是一种允许持有者代表特定地址（address）行使权力的能力（capability）。你可以将原生实现（native implementation）视为：

struct signer has drop { a: address }

A signer is somewhat similar to a Unix UID in that it represents a user authenticated by code outside of Move (e.g., by checking a cryptographic signature or password).

signer 有点像 Unix UID，因为它表示一个通过 Move 之外的代码（例如，通过检查加密签名或密码）进行身份验证的用户。

与 address 的比较（Comparison to address）

A Move program can create any address value without special permission using address literals:

Move 程序可以使用地址字面量（literal）创建任何地址（address）值，而无需特殊许可：

let a1 = @0x1;
let a2 = @0x2;
// ... 等等，所有其他可能的地址

However, signer values are special because they cannot be created via literals or instructions--only by the Move VM. Before the VM runs a script with parameters of type signer, it will automatically create signer values and pass them into the script:

但是，signer 值是特殊的，因为它们不能通过字面量或者指令创建 —— 只能通过 Move 虚拟机（VM）创建。在虚拟机运行带有 signer 类型参数的脚本之前，它会自动创建 signer 值并将它们传递给脚本：

script {
    use std::signer;
    fun main(s: signer) {
        assert!(signer::address_of(&s) == @0x42, 0);
    }
}

This script will abort with code 0 if the script is sent from any address other than 0x42.

A transaction script can have an arbitrary number of signers as long as the signers are a prefix to any other arguments. In other words, all of the signer arguments must come first:

如果脚本是从 0x42 以外的任何地址发送的，则此脚本将中止并返回代码 0。

交易脚本可以有任意数量的 signer，只要 signer 参数排在其他参数前面。换句话说，所有 signer 参数都必须放在第一位。

script {
    use std::signer;
    fun main(s1: signer, s2: signer, x: u64, y: u8) {
        // ...
    }
}

This is useful for implementing multi-signer scripts that atomically act with the authority of multiple parties. For example, an extension of the script above could perform an atomic currency swap between s1 and s2.

这对于实现具有多方权限原子行为的*多重签名脚本（multi-signer scripts）*很有用。例如，上述脚本的扩展可以在 s1 和 s2 之间执行原子货币交换。

signer 操作符（signer Operators）

The std::signer standard library module provides two utility functions over signer values:

std::signer 标准库模块为 signer 提供了两个实用函数：

In addition, the move_to<T>(&signer, T) global storage operator requires a &signer argument to publish a resource T under signer.address's account. This ensures that only an authenticated user can elect to publish a resource under their address.

此外，move_to<T>(&signer, T) 全局存储操作符需要一个 &signer 参数在 signer.address 的帐户下发布资源 T。这确保了只有经过身份验证的用户才能在其地址下发布资源。

所有权（Ownership）

Unlike simple scalar values, signer values are not copyable, meaning they cannot be copied (from any operation whether it be through an explicit copy instruction or through a dereference *).

与简单的标量值不同，signer 值是不可复制的，这意味着他们不能被复制（通过任何操作，无论是通过显式 copy指令还是通过解引用（dereference）*）。